Modern liberal wars,illiberal allies,and peace as the failure of policy

ABSTRACT

The post-Cold War period nearly up to the present has been characterised as the age of liberal wars, yet key facets of the liberal guidance of war remain under appreciated. This article seeks to address this wider gap with regard to the particular concern of war termination and the fulfilment or failure of policy. First, it develops characterisations of liberal wars based on the existing literature, identifying three broad types through consideration of context—defensive versus offensive—and of political and strategic agency, particularly regarding the motives for and intents of action. Three types of liberal wars result: defensive liberal wars, offensive liberal wars with humanitarian motive and geopolitical intent, and offensive liberal wars with geopolitical motive and humanitarian intent. The article then presents one exemplary case for each liberal war with an emphasis on how liberal strategy required an illiberal ally and that ally's effect on the subsequent peace.     

磨损身管下的杆式穿甲弹强度失效计算机模拟

针对某型105 mm钨合金超速脱壳穿甲弹在射击试验时出现的弹体强度失效现象,使用有限元分析软件对其强度进行了分析计算。计算分两种工况：正常状态下的弹体应力应变分布和磨损身管条件下的弹体应力应变分布。根据计算结果,证实了弹体强度失效是由于火炮身管过度磨损的原因所致。     

军队院校人才培养质量保证体系运行研究

基于ISO9000族质量标准的军队院校人才培养质量保证体系，是提高军队院校人才培养质量的重要保证。军队院校人才培养质量保证体系的运行准备、运行机制、运行评价是军队院校人才培养质量保证体系高效运行的关键环节，也是军队院校人才培养质量保证体系发挥作用的重要依托。     

战区弹药保障敏捷供应链优化模型及实现算法

针对现有的供需矛盾,在分析战区弹药保障供应链管理任务需求的基础上,初步构建了战区弹药保障敏捷供应链管理框架及运行机制,分析了战区弹药保障敏捷供应链的供需协同机制,重点对多级库存优化控制模型、多级弹药配送决策优化模型及实现算法进行了研究,提出了战区弹药保障敏捷供应链建设的具体对策。     

Priori information analysis of optocoupler accelerated degradation experiment based on failure mechanism verification test

The optocoupler is a weak link in the inertial navigation platform of a kind of guided munitions. It is necessary to use accelerated storage test to verify the storage life of long storage products. Especially for small sample products, it is very important to obtain prior information for the design and implementation of accelerated degradation test. In this paper, the optocoupler failure mechanism verification test is designed and the experimental results are analyzed and the prior information is obtained. The results show that optocouplers have two failure modes, one is sudden failure and the other is degradation failure; the maximum temperature stress of optocoupler can't exceed 140 °C; the increase of leakage current of optocoupler is caused by movable ions contaminating the LED chip. The surface leakage current is proportional to the adsorption amount. The increase of leakage current makes p-n junction tunneling effect occur which LEDs the failure of the optocoupler. The lifetime distribution model of the optocoupler is determined by the failure physics. The lifetime of the optocoupler is subject to the lognormal distribution. The degeneracy orbit of the optocoupler leakage current is described by a power law model. The estimated values of the orbital parameters are initially calculated and the parameters of its life distribution function are deduced. The above information lays a good foundation for the optimization design and data processing of the accelerated degradation experiment.     

无线电引信扫频波辐照效应及作用机理研究

介绍无线电引信扫频波辐照试验系统，在引信本振频率外较宽范围内，对某型引信进行扫频波辐照试验，结果表明：扫频波辐照能使无线电引信误炸，扫频频段不同，误炸干扰阈值不同；扫频步长、频点驻留时间与引信误炸密切相关，但不会影响引信误炸干扰阈值。其作用机理是：扫频波辐照导致引信自差机振荡状态跃变，引信高频电路输出方波脉冲串，推动执行级误动作使引信误炸。     

某型坦克炮炮闩击发机构故障仿真分析

针对坦克炮炮闩的常见故障和失效形式，建立了坦克炮炮闩击发机构的虚拟样机，进行了运动和动力仿真。利用多体动力学仿真方法对坦克炮炮闩击发机构的典型故障机理进行了分析，为分析炮闩故障机理、改进炮闩结构和提高可靠性提供了理论依据。     

Holonic-C2组织决策分配及演化方法

为了有效发挥指挥控制(Command and Control, C2)组织集中式决策和协作式决策的决策优势,对具有决策权限动态变化能力的Holonic-C2组织的决策分配问题进行研究。针对群决策中专家固定权重的主观性太强的缺点,提出基于专家权威性和意见一致性相结合的专家组选择方法,提高了决策分配过程中多属性决策的客观合理性；针对决策分配的动态演化问题,提出基于多阶段决策的决策模式演化机制,在考虑属性前后阶段的变化的基础上,给出相邻阶段决策模式跃迁方法。仿真结果表明,所提方法能够给出相对客观的决策模式的优劣排序以及多阶段的演化路线,从而证明了方法的可行性和有效性。     

天基信息支援指挥控制体系运行机制及复杂网络建模?

天基信息支援是当前联合作战的主要样式之一，指挥控制体系是天基信息支援联合作战的核心和神经中枢，构建天基信息支援指挥控制体系运行机制和网络结构模型有助于提升天基信息支援乃至联合作战体系效能。探讨了天基信息支援云作战的基本概念和主要特点、天基信息支援云作战体系的构成和运行机制、以及天基信息支援云作战指挥控制体系的构成和流程，勾画了天基信息支援云作战指挥控制的理论框架，并结合示例构建了天基信息支援云作战指挥控制体系结构的复杂网络模型，并进行了主要参量分析，对开展天基信息支援指挥控制体系建设，指导天基信息支援以及联合作战体系需求论证、结构设计、评估优化等具有积极而现实的参考价值。     

坦克炮方向机弹性补偿装置设计研究

通过分析方向机空回量的分布及对射击精度的影响,提出采用弹性补偿装置,沿炮塔座圈 径向提供一个弹力,使主动齿轮和座圈之间实现无侧隙传动;通过对该装置受力分析,并将该装置应用 于某车型进行试验检测,静态测试空回量及炮口松动量;结果表明空回量明显减小,射击精度得到提高。